吐温类表面活性剂对粗煤泥离心脱水促进作用研究

Role of Tweens in improved centrifuging of coarse clean coal

  • 摘要: 为降低粗精煤泥水分,进行了吐温类表面活性剂(吐温20,吐温40,吐温60,吐温80,吐温85)对粗煤泥离心脱水促进作用的研究。通过测量这些药剂分别作用后离心脱水煤样的水分、接触角以及离心液的表面张力,发现吐温类表面活性剂对粗煤泥离心脱水均有促进效果,它们使煤颗粒的接触角变大;吐温20,吐温80和吐温85的脱水促进作用好于吐温40和吐温60;当离心液表面张力降至67 mN/m时,脱水效率最高。对效果较好的吐温85不同用量下作用后的煤表面水化膜厚度进行了测量,并对煤颗粒表面进行电镜扫描,结果发现,煤表面上的水化膜变薄,煤颗粒表面粘附的细泥也明显减少。可以认为,吐温类表面活性剂吸附在煤粒表面,通过疏水改性使水化膜变薄和对细泥的“洗涤”作用,是其助滤的主要机理;离心液的表面张力对脱水效果有指示作用。

     

    Abstract: To reduce the moisture of coarse clean coal, Tweens involving Tween 20, 40, 60, 80 and 85 were used to improve the centrifugal dewatering of clean coal.The moisture and the contact angle of the dewatered clean coal and the surface tension of the centrifugal liquid were measured for all these surfactants.It was found that all the Tweens show some improving effects on the moisture reduction and increase the contact angle of the coal.Tweens 20, 80 and 85 are better than Tweens 40 and 60 in centrifugal dewatering.The optimum dewatering efficiency is reached at the concentration that decreases the surface tension of the centrifugal fluid to 67 mN/m.The thickness of hydrated layers on the coal particles under different concentrations of Tween 85 were then measured, and the coal particles were scanned by SEM as well after reacting with Tween 85.The results show that the hydration layer outside the particles became thinner after the coal was treated by Tween, and the slimes attached on the surface of the coal particles were significantly reduced with the help of Tween. It can be concluded that the hydrated layer thinning by hydrophobicity modification and the slime-washing function are the main mechanisms contributing to the dewatering improvement effect of Tweens.

     

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