基于双侧钻臂位姿协同约束的凿岩台车车体定位方法

Carriage positioning method of drill rig based on mutual constraints of dual booms

  • 摘要: 车体定位是凿岩台车钻孔自动控制的先决工序,原有车体定位方法仅在理想无碴工作面可行,当有堆碴车体横向倾斜情况下,推进梁可绕激光束横向旋转造成角变量无法锁定,车体位姿存在无穷解,导致定位误差很大甚至无法使用。为解决这一问题提出利用双钻臂同时参与定位的新方法,从理论上证明了双钻臂法解算车体位姿的可行性,将求车体位姿惟一解的问题转化为求解固定边长三角形顶点位置的问题;基于D-H法及坐标系平移确定了车体-激光坐标系变换关系;引入集合条件找出车体基坐标系实际原点位置,通过MATLAB编程计算车体两侧角变量值,求解车体基坐标系在工作面坐标系下的位姿矩阵,实现车体定位。现场测试结果表明:双钻臂法充分适应有渣条件堆碴高度变化,并能快速求得车体实际位姿确定值;车体竖直方向定位误差在5%以内,不采用误差补偿手段条件下钻孔定位精度在12 cm内。通过对比两种车体定位方法对钻孔定位效果的影响发现:原方法存在定位误差向非定位侧钻臂传递的现象,全站仪测量准确的情况下,非定位侧炮孔平均定位误差较定位侧高出94%。双钻臂法定位则不存在这一问题,其双侧炮孔定位精度与原方法定位侧炮孔定位精度一致,对于误差补偿较为有利。双钻臂定位法已在井下试验得到成功验证,具有普遍性,可用于同类型凿岩台车车体定位。

     

    Abstract: Carriage positioning is the prerequisite process for the automatic control of the drilling of the drill rig. The original method is only feasible in the ideal working face has no stone stacked. The carriage of drill rig is tilted lateral- ly when there are stones stacked. The push beam can be rotated laterally around the laser beam. The angular variable cannot be locked,and there is an infinite solution to the pose of the carriage,resulting in a large positioning error or even unusable. In order to solve this problem,a new method of using the booms in dual sides to participate in positio- ning is proposed. It is theoretically proved the feasibility,and the problem of finding the unique solution of the carriage pose is solved to solve the vertex position of the triangle when the length are fixed;the transformation relationship of the carriage-laser coordinate system is determined based on the D-H method and the coordinate system translation;the set condition is introduced to find the actual origin position of the carriage coordinate system,and the angular values ofthe dual sides of the drill rig are calculated by MATLAB programming. Solve the pose matrix of the carriage coordinate system in the working face coordinate system to realize the carriage positioning. The field test results show that the new method fully adapts to the height change of the stone condition,and can quickly determine the actual position and pose of the carriage;the vertical positioning error of the carriage is within 5% . Drilling positioning accuracy is within 12 cm when the error compensation method is not used. By comparing the influence of two methods on the drilling positioning effect,it is found that the original method has the phenomenon that the positioning error is transmitted to the non-posi- tioning side boom. When measured data of total station are accurate,the average positioning error of blast-holes in the non-positioning side is 94% higher than that in the positioning side. There is no such problem with the positioning of the new method. The positioning accuracy of the blast-holes in dual sides is consistent with that in the positioning side of the original method,which is advantageous for error compensation. The new method has been successfully verified in the roadway and is universal. It can be utilized to the positioning of the same type of drill rig.

     

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