煤矿冲击地压灾害风险监察智能分析系统关键技术架构

Key technological architecture of the intelligent monitoring-analysis system for coal mine rockburst risk supervision

  • 摘要: 随着煤矿开采由浅部向深部转移,面临冲击地压灾害风险的矿井数量持续增加,冲击地压灾害防控形势将更加严峻。近3年国家煤监局已针对冲击地压灾害下发了多项政策性指导文件,但监管层面仍尚未建立有效的冲击地压灾害远程监管机制,缺乏以可视化方式进行综合展示与风险分析的相关系统。基于国内外学者对冲击地压灾害机理的认识和风险监测方面的研究,笔者提出在国家层面建设灾害风险智能分析系统,运用人工智能、大数据等新技术对各矿监测结果进行综合分析,可为全国冲击地压灾害的远程监管、精准执法和科学管控提供合理的解决方案。构建煤矿冲击地压灾害风险监察智能分析系统,存在3类关键技术问题:①多源异构数据接入的有效性;②冲击地压灾害风险指标的差异性;③灾害风险分级的智能分析。为解决这3类问题提出了一个涵盖数据层、服务层和应用层的3层技术架构。在这个架构中,针对冲击地压灾害多源异构数据接入的有效性问题,提出了建立统一的数据标准、传输方式和接入流程。针对冲击地压灾害风险指标的差异性问题,提出结合全国各类冲击地压矿井条件进行横向综合分析研判的思路,在大量样本的基础上逐步统一灾害风险指标,建立科学全面的冲击地压灾害风险评价体系,该体系具备单区域多参数综合分析服务能力和多区域深度学习服务能力。针对灾害风险分级的智能分析问题,指出了面对未来接入的海量监测数据实时汇入,需引入大数据和人工智能相关算法对有效信息进行深度挖掘。目前国家煤监局煤矿感知数据采集分析平台可为后续智能分析提供良好的数据处理基础,基于该平台提出了煤矿冲击地压灾害风险监察智能分析系统的技术架构。

     

    Abstract: With the shift of coal mining from shallow to deep, the number of coal mines facing the risk of rockburst disasters continues to increase, and the situation of prevention and control of rockburst disasters becomes more severe.In the past three years, the national coal regulatory administration has issued a number of policy guidance documents for rockburst disasters.However, an effective remote monitoring mechanism for rockburst disasters has not been established at the regulatory level, and there is a lack of relevant systems for an integrated display and risk analysis in a visual way, which is unable to provide scientific support for remote monitoring, accurate law enforcement and scientific control.Based on the understanding on the mechanism of rockburst hazard and risk monitoring and research, this paper proposes to construct a national system for disaster risk intelligence analysis, using the new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data to comprehensively analyze the monitoring results from each mine.The system can be used as remote supervision on national rockburst hazard, accurate law enforcement and scientific controls to provide reasonable solution.There are three key scientific and technical problems in the construction of intelligent monitoring and analysis system of coal mine rockburst disaster risk including ① the effectiveness of multi-source heterogeneous data access; ② the difference of disaster risk index of rockburst; and ③ the intelligent analysis of disaster risk classification.This paper has developed a three-layer technical architecture covering data layer, service layer and application layer to solve these three problems.In this architecture, a unified data standard, transmission mode and access process are proposed to address the validity of multi-source heterogeneous data access for rockburst disasters.In view of the difference of the rockburst disaster risk index, a thought of horizontal comprehensive analysis, which combines with all kinds of rockbursts nationally, is proposed.On the basis of a large number of samples, disaster risk indicators are gradually unified, and a scientific and comprehensive risk assessment system for rockburst disasters is established.This system has the comprehensive service capability of single-region multi-parameter analysis and multi-region deep learning.It is pointed out that in the face of real-time import of massive monitoring data in the future, it is necessary to introduce big data and artificial intelligence-related algorithms to conduct deep mining of effective information.At present, the coal mine perception data acquisition and analysis platform of the national coal regulatory administration can provide a good data processing basis for subsequent intelligent analysis.Based on this platform, the technical framework of the coal mine ground pressure disaster risk monitoring and intelligent analysis system is proposed.

     

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