Abstract: The single backfilling mining method is difficult to fully meet the requirements of complex filling engineering scenarios, special geological conditions, and precise overburden control. Innovatively proposes a new method of three-dimensional filling mining by jointly using multiple filling technologies for the mining-induced cavity spaces of different strata in the overburden system. It disassembles the technical characteristics and engineering connotations of coal mine three-dimensional filling mining, and analyzes the typical applicable scenarios of coal mine three-dimensional filling mining. The dynamic development model of low, medium and high multi-strata fillable mining-induced cavity spaces in three-dimensional filling is extracted, and the core mechanism of three-dimensional filling for collaborative control of overburden movement and stable control of surface deformation is constructed. Various combined modes of coal mine three-dimensional filling mining are formed, such as "low-position solid surface filling + high-position ground downward hole injection" and "low-position solid surface filling + medium-position mining roadway upward hole injection". The typical production system of "drilling, mining, filling and injection" for coal mine three-dimensional filling is designed, and the time-space efficient connection mechanism of "multi-strata layout in space + multi-index sequential operation in time" among each system of three-dimensional filling is revealed. The engineering design method of coal mine three-dimensional filling mining is systematically established. Combined with the engineering background of recovering multiple strip residual coal pillars under the construction of a certain mine in Hebei, the three-dimensional filling mining method of "low-position solid surface filling + high-position ground downward hole injection" is designed and applied, and a series of "drilling, mining, filling and injection" projects of three-dimensional filling are carried out. The collaborative control effect of overburden movement in the main filling stage of low-position solid and the auxiliary filling stage of high-position hole injection in three-dimensional filling is verified by field measurement. The surface deformation control degrees of multiple filling mining methods including three-dimensional filling are quantitatively compared. The results show that the control effect of three-dimensional filling is more significant, with the filling rate as high as 96%, achieving the purpose of high upper limit, low disturbance and strong stable surface deformation control.