Abstract: In order to study the influence of different control methods on the partial load operation characteristics of coal-fired supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) power generation system, a 300 MW coal-fired SCO₂ recompression cycle (RC) power generation system was established. Then, the inventory control, bypass control, and temperature control methods are adopted to make the system run in the range of 30%−100% load, and analyze the changes in key parameters of the system. The results indicate that when using inventory control, the system’s thermal efficiency (η_th) changes parabolically with load ratios, reaching a maximum value of 49.82%. Additionally, as the load ratio decreases, the CO₂ temperature entering the boiler increases, which poses challenges to the safety of wall temperature and the recovery of flue gas waste heat in boiler. Under bypass control, as the load decreases, the throttling loss of the bypass valve increases rapidly, causing the thermal efficiency to decrease quickly. At 30% load, η_th decreased from the design value of 49.53% to 26.30%.When temperature control is used, the compressor power consumption remains almost unchanged as the load rate decreases, resulting in reduced thermal efficiency. The significant temperature variation of the main gas during partial load operation causes the system’s maximum load variation rate to be around 1.3%/min, which cannot meet the demand for rapid peak shaving. Thus, temperature control is more suitable for start-stop processes. The research results of this paper can provide references for the partial load operation and dynamic regulation of sCO₂ power generation systems.