Abstract: In order to reveal the mechanism of breaking and inducing rock pillars between coal seams in steeply inclined and extra thick coal seam group mining, the mining of steeply inclined and extra-thick coal seam group in Wudong Coal Mine is taken as the engineering background. Based on the comprehensive determination and analysis of the field measurement results, the theoretical analysis method is used to construct the static model of the two steady states before and after the rock pillar is broken. The mechanical response characteristics of the coal and rock in the steeply inclined stope under the transient excitation of the structure and the breaking mechanism of the rock pillar between the coal seams are compared. The results show that in the mining of steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seam group, the instantaneous fracture of rock pillars between coal seams causes the transient change of coal and rock structure in the stope, resulting in the transient change of load characteristics and mechanical response of coal and rock in different areas of the stope space. Among them, the forward rotation of the broken part of the rock pillar leads to the instantaneous increase of the geometric size of the overlying goaf of the B3-6 coal seam, the decrease of the compactness of the filling body, and the weakening of the supporting effect on the roof of the goaf, resulting in the change of the load transfer path of the roof and the instantaneous increase of the load on the roof side of the B3-6 coal seam. On the contrary, the load acting on the floor side of B1-2 coal seam decreases instantaneously. At the same time, the reverse rebound-vibration of the rock pillar in the coal seam forms an impact on the adjacent B1-2 and B3-6 coal seams. However, due to the transient response of the rock pillar in the coal seam is rebounding in the direction of the B3-6 coal seam, and is affected by energy dissipation such as coal and rock fracture and damping, it cannot move to its initial position during the vibration process. Therefore, the rebound-vibration of the rock pillar in the coal seam forms instantaneous loading on the floor side of the B3-6 coal seam, but instantaneous unloading on the roof side of the B1-2 coal seam. Therefore, the rotation and rebound movement of different regions after the rock pillar is broken causes the B3-6 coal seam to be in the instantaneous loading state, but it is instantaneous unloading for the B1-2 coal seam. Therefore, the rotation and rebound motion of different regions after the rock pillar is broken makes the B3-6 coal seam in the instantaneous loading state, but the B1-2 coal seam is instantaneous unloading. And compared with the rotary motion, the influence of the latter is more significant. This is also the fundamental reason why B3-6 coal seam is prone to rock burst after rock pillar fracture, while B1-2 coal seam is not prone to rock burst. In practical engineering, based on the prevention and control concept of 'adjusting structure and controlling response', the rebound and loading effects after rock pillar breaking can be effectively reduced by mining B1-2 and B3-6 coal seams in a staggered horizontal arrangement, so as to realize the source control of rock pillar rock burst.