煤基绿氢消纳多联产方案构建与分析

Construction and analysis of coal-based multi-production scheme coupled green hydrogen

  • 摘要: 绿色醇氨产业发展尚处于研发和产业化示范阶段,生产成本远高于煤制醇氨,消纳场景开拓难度大。探讨了煤炭气化和煤制醇氨绿氢消纳潜力,剖析了煤气化反应和产品合成机理,提出煤基绿氢消纳多联产方案,探讨了全粒级煤炭热解气化技术可行性,以提高绿氢消纳的经济性和适应性。BGL煤气化粗煤气和粉焦气化煤气为热源,进行粉煤富氢热解,可实现全粒级煤炭分质利用,消纳绿氢,提高甲烷和轻质油产率。通过热力学模型模拟计算,块煤和粉煤的热解温度分别为616.81、681.31 ℃,均接近油气产率最高的热解温度,说明全粒级煤炭加压热解气化技术方案可行。煤制甲醇绿氢替代变换路线和液态阳光路线的绿氢原子经济性相同。液态阳光与煤化工装置相对独立,可独立实施,是煤制甲醇消纳绿氢较为理想的方案,但仍处于工业化应用开发阶段。BGL煤气化副产CH4,通过干重整,与绿氢耦合,生产甲醇是规模化消纳绿氢经济可行的技术路线。醇氨联产将甲醇合成和氨合成组合起来,可灵活调整醇氨质量比(1∶10~2∶1),提高绿氢消纳柔性。构建煤基绿氢消纳多联产方案,涉及多学科、多领域,需要联合攻关,建设工业化示范装置,进一步验证其可行性。

     

    Abstract: The development of green methanol & ammonia industry is still in the research and industrial demonstration stage with production costs significantly higher than those of coal-based methanol & ammonia, and challenges in expanding application scenarios. This paper discusses the potential of green hydrogen consumption by coal gasification and coal-to-methanol & ammonia, analyzes the mechanism of coal gasification reaction and product synthesis, puts forward the coal-based multi-production scheme coupled green hydrogen, and discusses the feasibility of full-size coal pyrolysis gasification technology to improve the economy and adaptability of green hydrogen consumption. Using BGL coal gasification crude gas and pulverized coke gasification gas as heat sources, the hydrogen-rich pyrolysis of pulverized coal can realize the utilization of full-size coal in different grades, consume green hydrogen and improve the yield of methane and light oil. Through thermodynamic model simulation, the pyrolysis temperatures of lumpy coal and small-size coal are 616.81 ℃ and 681.31 ℃, respectively, which are close to the pyrolysis temperature with the highest oil and gas yield, indicating that the technical scheme of pressurized pyrolysis and gasification of full-size coal is feasible. The green hydrogen atom economy of coal-to-methanol conversion route is the same as that of liquid sunlight route. Liquid sunlight and coal chemical industry are relatively independent and can be implemented independently. It is an ideal scheme for the consumption of green hydrogen in coal-based methanol, but it is still in the stage of industrial application and development. Methane, a by-product of BGL coal gasification, is coupled with green hydrogen by dry gas reforming to synthesize methanol, which can provide a technical route for large-scale consumption of green hydrogen. In the coupling of ammonia and methanol production, the ammonia-to-methanol ratio can be adjusted over a wide range (1∶10 to 2∶1 or even broader), thereby enhancing the flexibility of green hydrogen utilization. The construction of the coal-based multi-product coupling system coupling green hydrogen utilization involves many disciplines and fields, and it is necessary to jointly tackle key problems, build an industrial demonstration device, and further verify its feasibility.

     

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