Abstract: Electronics are not only the foundation of intelligent coal mining but also its core driving force for continuous evolution. As coal mine intelligence advances, it imposes stringent challenges on the functions and performance of general purpose electronics. Addressing the technical bottleneck whereby general purpose electronics cannot safely, systematically, comprehensively, and reliably adapt to the complex underground operating conditions of coal mines, this work draws on advanced concepts from automotive, defense, and aerospace electronics, and is devoted to the development and research of coal mine specific electronic technologies. The concept of “coal mining electronics” is proposed for the first time; its definition is provided; the four essential attributes including environmental adaptability, intrinsic safety, real time determinism, and whole life cycle maintainability are clarified; and a four in one functional classification and system architecture encompassing sensing, communication, control, and storage is established, with the aim of laying the foundation for defining the research direction of “coal mining electronics”. The research scope of coal mining electronics is distilled; its core contents are elaborated from the four aspects of safety characteristics, functional characteristics, maintainability characteristics, and energy characteristics, with the aim of indicating the direction for determining the research content of “coal mining electronics”. The key generic technologies of coal mining electronics are extracted; The connotations of seven key generic technologies, comprising intrinsic safety, high reliability, sensing and detection, intelligent collaborative control, intelligent storage of multi source heterogeneous data, real time anti interference communication, and whole life cycle health maintenance are expounded, with the aim of providing basic ideas for tackling key common technologies of “coal mining electronics”. The prospects of coal mining electronics are envisioned; a priority development direction is identified that takes “systemicity, adaptability, reliability, and safety” as the principal connotations and “standardization, modularization, intelligence, and green development” as the principal goals, the “four attributes and four izations”, the implementation pathway targeting electronic components, circuits, and systems within underground coal mine environments is proposed, with the aim of clarifying the orientation for the rapid and sound development of this interdisciplinary field. From the proposal of the basic concept, the construction of the theoretical system, the tackling of key technologies, and the formation of standards and specifications to the implementation of engineering applications, the development of “coal mining electronics” should learn from the experience of successful sectoral electronics. Rooted in the scientific and technological frontier and aligned with the intelligentization strategy of the coal industry, conducting systematic and in depth research is the essential pathway for “coal mining electronics” to move from concept to implementation and from nascency to strength. The research and application of “coal mining electronics” will provide important support for addressing the key core technical challenges of intelligent coal mining, consolidating the specialized electronic foundation for coal mine intelligence, building the hardware foundation for intelligent mines, and promoting the high end, intelligent, and green high quality development of the coal industry.