Abstract: Coal and gas outbursts are dynamic disasters in coal mining characterized by complex energy release processes. To quantitatively investigate the dynamic effects and energy dissipation characteristics, a representative outburst coal sample from Longtan Coal Mine is selected as the research object. Using a self-developed coal and gas outburst simulation system, the effects of gas pressure and coal capacity on outburst intensity are examined. A multiple linear regression model is also established to predict the mass of outburst coal. Experimental results show that increasing gas pressure significantly shortens the cavity pressure release time (from 0.789 s to 0.232 s) and increases peak velocity of two-phase coal-gas flow front (8.73 m/s to 51.52 m/s). Besides, the coal fragmentation is intensified, with the equivalent particle size decreasing from 330 μm to 192 μm and new surface area increasing from 1.495 m²/kg to 9.662 m²/kg. Increasing the coal loading prolongs the pressure release time by 51% and enhances outburst intensity (rising from 25.25 kg to 40.74 kg). The multiple linear regression model reveals a strong linear relationship between the mass of outburst coal (B), initial gas pressure (P₀), and coal loading (M) (with a fitting coefficient R² = 0.96), expressed by the regression equation: B=10.146+26.62P₀+0.41M. Only 6.5% to 15% of the gas expansion energy adsorbed by the coal contributes to the outburst, specifically, coal fragmentation and ejection, while the remaining energy dissipates through slow gas emission. Of the energy involved in the outburst, about 90% is consumed in coal fragmentation and approximately 10% in coal ejection. Gas pressure plays a decisive role in the conversion of gas expansion energy: as gas pressure increases, the amount of adsorbed gas expansion energy involved in the outburst increases, thereby raising the mass of outburst coal. Although a greater coal loading leads to a higher total expansion energy, the proportion contributing to the outburst remains constant, resulting in increased absolute but unchanged relative outburst intensity.