摘要:
综采工作面一直以来都是煤矿粉尘治理的重点场所,为解决大采高综采工作面采煤机滚筒割煤及液压支架降柱移架过程中产生的大量细微粉尘扩散到采场上部空间形成的高位浮游粉尘,改善工作面粉尘污染问题,创新提出了一种集支架顶梁抽尘净化与风送微雾除尘新方法。通过建立高度仿真的三维实体模型,采用数值模拟与井下测试相结合的方法详细分析了负压除尘微雾净化技术在不同处理风量下对工作面风流场、粉尘场的运移分布影响规律,得出其风量为120 m3/min、布置间距为35 m时,对工作面浮游粉尘沉降效果最为显著。并以此关键参数为依据,自主研制了集动力抽尘与微雾除尘于一体的净化除尘装置。通过自主搭建除尘器性能测试实验系统对研制的除尘装置进行除尘性能测试,结果表明:该装置对总粉尘、呼吸性粉尘的平均降尘效率分别达到98.31%、95.29%。最后通过在国家能源集团神东补连塔煤矿22408大采高综采工作面现场应用表明,应用该装置后工作面总粉尘降尘效率超过80%,呼吸性粉尘降尘效率超过70%,工作面人行区人员呼吸带总粉尘质量浓度降低到15.3 mg/m3以下,呼吸性粉尘质量浓度降低到10.3 mg/m3以下,有效解决了大采高综采工作面高位浮游粉尘污染难题,大幅改善了大采高综采工作面的工作环境,为创建“安全,健康,绿色”的煤矿生产环境提供了新思路。
Abstract:
The fully-mechanized mining face is a key site for coal mine dust control. For some fully-mechanized mining faces with a large mining height, the massive amount of fine dust generated by coal-cutting shearer drum and lowering column and moving frame of hydraulic support tends to diffuse to the upper working face and float at high levels. To reduce the pollution at working face, this study innovatively proposed a novel method combining dust extraction at top support beam and pneumatic micro-mist dust removal. Combining the numerical simulation with a three-dimensional high-fidelity solid model and the underground test of the negative-pressure dust removal and micro-mist purification technology, the influence of air volume on the airflow and dust migration and distribution at the working face was analyzed in detail. It was concluded that the floating dust settlement at the working face was the most remarkable when the air volume of the dust collectors was 120 m3/min and their spacing was 35 m. Based on these key parameters, a dust remover integrating powered dust extraction and micro-mist removal was independently developed. An experimental system was established to test the performance of the developed dust remover, revealing that the dust reduction efficiency averaged 98.31% and 95.29% for total dust and respirable dust, respectively. The device was applied to the 22408 fully-mechanized coal face of the Shendong Bulianta coal mine of China Energy Investment Corporation. The field test results showed that the total dust reduction efficiency at the working face exceeded 80% and the respiratory dust reduction efficiency surpassed 70%. The total dust concentration in the respiratory zone of the pedestrian area was reduced to below 15.3 mg/m3,and the respiratory dust concentration became less than 10.3 mg/m3. The proposed dust remover effectively solved the problem of high-level floating dust pollution in the fully-mechanized face with a large mining height and greatly improved its working environment, providing a new way to create a safe, healthy, and green coal mine production environment.
百度学术
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