Abstract: The fragile ecological setting is a challenge for large scale coal mining in west China,where is a coal-rich and water-poor area. The study constructs a “ mining eco-system”,integrated coal mining & groundwater & ecology protection,from eco-perspective. Based on the original eco-system constraint,it proposes a protection concept of “bion- ic coal & water co-mining” and the coordinated mode of coal-mining and groundwater exploitation and ecological pro- tection;Following new roadmap including “isolation-diversion-control”technology,the “isolation-layer control” mecha- nism and “the groundwater funnel aggregation” effect are discussed. The bionic coal-water co-mining technology sys- tem has been set,which contains the partite-area design,reconstruction by isolation method and bionic-controlling. And the key technologies have been developed,involving layer fracturing-working face mining-layer grouting method and groundwater collection & management. The bionic control concept and roadmap of coal-water co-mining,as a green- mining solution,will be helpful to improve the ecological productivity for the ecological fragile areas of western China.