Abstract: To boost the exploitation of energy resources in no manpower ( little manpower) and to guarantee the de- mand of national energy and strategies,a complete integration of information technology and the theories of mineral re- source exploitation is the direction for the revolution of energy resources development in the new era. A new round of information technology revolution occurs in the areas,such as big data,cloud computing,artificial intelligence,internet of things,regional chain and internet,and intelligent unmanned exploitation in coal,uranium,and oil and gas. In con- sidering the integration of information technology,the scientific conception of precise mining of coal and its associated resources was innovatively developed in this paper. The innovative geospatial physical science,multi-phase and multifield coupling theory and intelligent control system are proposed as a core guarantee system. supported by the “trinity” scientific research means including internet+on-site monitoring,physical / numerical simulation and basic experiments. The holographic real-time display of coal and associated resource endowment,original / disturbed geological disaster and the working condition of mining equipment is required. Also,the intelligent and flexible decision on mine plan- ning,operation management and the ecological restoration of closed mines,the intelligent depth perception,accurate delineation and efficient resolution of the crisis for potential disaster,the self-repair of the damage space,the resilience recovery of control system,the adaptive adjustment of the equipment are all need to be achieved. Precise mining of coal and associated resources can effectively solve all these major problems subjected to exploration and monitoring,collab- orative development,disaster prevention and control,and negative environmental externalities,to provide new ideas for the future development of coal and associated resources. In this paper,five key scientific issues and seven main re- search directions for the precision mining of coal and associated resources are summarized,and a phased plan is pro- posed for the safe,efficient and green mining of resources in the new era.