李超峰. 煤层顶板含水层涌水危险性评价方法[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(S1): 384-392. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2019.1634
引用本文: 李超峰. 煤层顶板含水层涌水危险性评价方法[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(S1): 384-392. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2019.1634
LI Chaofeng. Method for evaluating the possibility of water inrush from coal seam roof aquifer[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2020, 45(S1): 384-392. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2019.1634
Citation: LI Chaofeng. Method for evaluating the possibility of water inrush from coal seam roof aquifer[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2020, 45(S1): 384-392. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2019.1634

煤层顶板含水层涌水危险性评价方法

Method for evaluating the possibility of water inrush from coal seam roof aquifer

  • 摘要: 为了丰富和发展我国矿山顶板水害评价方法,给出了透水系数概念,并结合黄陇煤田各典型矿井地质与水文地质条件,提出了透水系数顶板水害识别标准和方法,给出了“隔水层占比R-煤层至上覆含水层间距H方格图”和“隔水层占比R-煤层至上覆含水层间距H三角形”顶板水害类型识别图。定义“透水系数(D)”为“煤层与主要含水层之间隔水层厚度占比和导水裂隙带未波及厚度与总间距之比的乘积”,构建了透水系数计算公式。总结黄陇煤田顶板水害类型可概括为3种类型5种形式。3种类型为含水层持续涌水类、离层水类和溃水溃泥类;5种形式为可控涌水型、极大涌水型、偶发离层水型、频发离层水型以及溃水溃泥型。研究结果表明:依据透水系数值,可将顶板水害威胁程度分为4个等级。其中:一级(D>0.2)涌水影响较小,水害威胁性微弱;二级(-0.25<D≤0.2)涌水影响中等,水害威胁性中等;三级(-0.5<D≤-0.25)涌水影响较大,水害威胁性较大;四级(D≤-0.5)涌水影响极大,水害威胁性极大。黄陇煤田顶板水害类型透水系数法识别标准为:可控涌水型,120 m<H<190 m且0.41<R<0.54和-0.50<D<0.12;极大涌水型,60 m<H≤120 m,且0.24<R≤0.54和D≤-2.0;频发离层水型,190 m≤H<250 m且0.54≤R<0.80;偶发离层水型,250 m≤H<320 m且0.54≤R<0.80;溃水溃泥型,H≤60 m且R≥0.80。给出了黄陇煤田顶板水害类型透水系数法识别图,即隔水层占比R与煤层至上覆含水层间距H相关关系图。应用时,首先计算目标矿井R值和H值;其次在识别图中依据R值和H值画出投影点或区域。最后,依据投影点与各种水害类型分布区域的位置关系即可进行主要水害类型识别。

     

    Abstract: In order to develop the method for evaluating the possibility of water inrush from coal seam roof aquifer in China,combined with the geological and hydrogeological conditions of typical mines in Huanglong coalfield,this paper defines the coefficient of water inrush and proposes the standards and method of "the coefficient of water inrush method" to evaluating degree of water inrush from roof aquifer,and also gives the typical map of water inrush type such as "R-H grid map" and "R-H triangle map". In addition,this paper defines the "coefficient of water inrush"as "the product of ratio of thickness of aquiclude between coal seam and main aquifer and ratio between thickness from the height of water flowing fractured zone to the bottom of the main aquifer and distance from the coal seam to the main aquifer",and also gives the calculation formula. There are three types and five forms of water inflow from roof aquifer in Huanglong coalfield. Three types of water inflow include continuous water inflow from roof aquifer,water inflow from coal seam roof separation space,and water inflow with sand/mud from roof aquifer. Five forms of water inflow include small water inflow from roof aquifer,huge water inflow from roof aquifer,occasional water inflow from coal seam roof separation space,frequent water inflow from coal seam roof separation space,water inflow with sand/mud from roof aquifer. The research results show that:According to the value of "coefficient of water inrush",the water inrush from coal seam roof aquifer can be divided into four grades. At first level (D> 0.2),the water inflow is small and its influence is also small. At second level (-0.25< D ≤ 0.2),the water inflow and its influence are all moderate. At third level (-0. 5 < D ≤ -0. 25),the water inflow influence is great and threatening. At fourth level(D ≤ -0.5),the water inflow influence is extremely great and extremely threatening. The criteria of water inrush from roof aquifer in Huanglong coal field consist of small water inflow from roof aquifer,ranging 120 m< H< 190 m and 0.41< R< 0.54 and -0.50< D< 0.12; huge water inflow from roof aquifer,ranging 60 m< H ≤ 120 m and 0.24< R ≤ 0.54 and D ≤ -2. 0; frequent water inflow from coal seam roof separation space,ranging 190 m ≤ H< 250 m and 0.54 ≤ R< 0.80; occasional water inflow from coal seam roof separation space,ranging 250 m ≤ H< 320 m and 0.54 ≤ R< 0.80; and water inflow with sand/mud from roof aquifer,ranging H ≤ 60 m and R ≥ 0.80. 3) This paper also gives the typical map of water inrush type of Huanglong coal field,such as "R-H grid map" and "R-H triangle map". When using these two maps,firstly the values of R and H of the mine are calculated,secondly,the area of the mine is drawn in the maps,then,it is easy to find the water inrush type of the mine.

     

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