Abstract: There are a large number of coal gangue hazardous to the environment, for efficient scale utilization of coal gangue, the group developed a special ionic stabilizer(ICG)for coal gangue.Taking the coal gangue powder after high value selection in Fuxin Xinqiu mining area as the research object, the ionic stabilizer with different doping amount(0, 2, 4 L/m³)was used for reinforcement treatment, thermogravimetric test(TG)was carried out, and the adsorbed water type and desorption interval as well as the mass proportion situation were analyzed by the combined TG-DTG-DTA method, and X-ray diffraction(XRD)and mercury-pressure test(MIP)were used to analyze the The pore structure characteristics of different pore sizes, as well as the pore fractal characteristics were analyzed based on the data from the mercury-pressure test, and the surface morphological characteristics and the evolution of surface elements of the stabilized gangue powder were observed by the combined scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy spectroscopy point sweeping(SEM-EDS), and the combined barium chloride buffer solution method and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES)were used to analyze the the cation exchange capacity(CEC)and exchange species were investigated.In addition, the mechanism of ICG stabilization of coal gangue powder was investigated by adsorption water characteristics and pore characteristics as well as cation exchange amount.The experimental results show that:after stabilization, part of the weak cations on the surface and between layers of gangue mineral colloids are exchanged by strong cations and strong cationic groups ionized in the aqueous solution of ICG, the negative charges vacated on the surface are neutralized by adsorption of strong cations in ICG, the electrostatic gravitational force of surface negative charges is weakened, and another part of weak cations are bound by the sulfonyl groups of alkyl sulfonate in ICG in the form of ionic bonds, resulting in the cation exchange amount Reduced hydrophobic end alkyl group facing outward, reduce the hydration of cations, weaken the hydrophilic energy of the material, and then reduce the content of surface bound water, the pore size and pore volume of gangue powder after stabilization under the same external force is smaller, the porosity is reduced, the pore structure is simpler, and the compactness is greater.