Abstract: The development and utilization of mineral resources has brought about a series of ecological and environ- mental problems. The contradiction between development and protection has become increasingly prominent under the driving force of rapid economic development. Under the background of current ecological civilization development,the ecological environment protection and restoration of mining areas has become a hot spot and focus. In view of the coal mining subsidence,open pit,solid waste accumulation and other phenomena caused by the development of coal re- sources,and the resulting ecological environment and social problems of mining areas such as the loss of arable land, environmental degradation,air pollution,and mine-land conflicts,the authors put forward the concept and technology of the “Concurrent Mining and Reclamation (CMR)” of the coal mine ecological environment and the realization path. It is believed that “Concurrent Mining and Reclamation” is based on the concept of “ Source and Process Control”, rather than the traditional concept of “Terminal Treatment”,which is characterized by synchronous or timely treatment during the mining process. “Reclamation” in the concept of CMR includes not only the narrow concept of reclaimed farmland,but also includes the concept of ecological restoration. Its core purpose is to restore the damaged ecological environment in time,alleviate the contradiction between the development and utilization of coal resources and environ- mental protection,and ensure the sustainable,circular and green development of mining activities. Therefore,“reclaim while mining”,“restoration while mining” and “rehabilitation while mining” are all the same meanings,which can be referred to as CMR. On the basis of the technology of “ concurrent mining and reclamation” in mining subsidence land,the concept of “concurrent mining and reclamation” in the ecological environment is further analyzed and con- densed,the principle and types of “ concurrent mining and reclamation” are discussed,and the key technologies of “concurrent mining and reclamation” of three main damaged objects are introduced. The ecological environment of coal mine is a whole system. “ Concurrent mining and reclamation” are an effective guarantee for the overall protec- tion,system restoration and comprehensive management. It provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the ecological environment management and restoration of the mining area,and is an effective guarantee for the implementation of the overall protection,system restoration and comprehensive management of the “mountain,water,forest,field,lake,grass” life community. CMR has to consider the dynamic process,the balance of system elements and the maximization of o- verall value in the process of mining and restoration. In order to promote the development and progress of the concept and technology of mining while recovering,the following aspects still need to be further studied:① From the perspec- tive of system thinking,the comprehensive benefits of natural resources should be considered. ② The research on the coupling and optimization adjustment mechanism of mining while recovering and resource mining should be strength- ened. ③ The integration of new materials,new technologies and new methods with the technology of mining while re- covering should be also enhenced.