Abstract: The methods including laboratory tests,theoretical analysis,case studies,numerical simulation and field ap- plications are comprehensively used for researching this issue in this paper. First,the rock burst mechanism of coal rib,including “coal body” and “coal body+roof ” energy released structures of roadway surrounding rock,and the en- ergy release characteristics of different failure types of coal rib are studied and analyzed. Second,the “stress relief-sup- port reinforcement” synergetic control mechanism of coal rib burst is revealed. Finally,the “stress relief-support rein- forcement” synergetic control technique is presented. Results show that:① The energy release of coal,roof and floor can induce the dynamic failure of coal rib;② Based on the damage degree from weak to strong,the failure types of coal rib can be categorized into macro crack generation,weak rib spalling,serious rib spalling and whole rib ejection;③ The released energy of macro crack generation and weak rib spalling mainly comes from coal rib,but the serious rib spalling and whole rib ejection comes from the coal,roof and floor;④ To achieve the goal of “stress relief-support re- inforcement” synergetic control,coal rib burst control in deep coal mining should focus on two aspects,i. e. the support reinforcement of shallow fractured zone of coal rib and the stress relief of deep intact zone of coal rib,roof or floor. There are two crucial research aspects in the study of rock burst prevention and control in deep coal mining. One is to obtain the coupling energy absorption mechanism of roadway anchorage support system and surrounding rock structure. The other is to establish the system of “stress relief-support reinforcement” synergetic control theory and technique.