Strategic consideration and core technology about environmental ecological restoration in coal mine areas in the Yellow River basin of China

The coal mining regions in the Yellow River basin have a crucial strategic position and there are many eco logical and environmental problems in the regions. The shortage of water resources is a key issue in the upper and mid dle Yellow River basin,and the existing technologies cannot support the coordinated development of coal mining and ecological environment. It urgently needs innovation in theory and technology for supporting the sustainable develop ment of coal industry in the regions. Based on the domestic and abroad researches on rock structure and mining-induced fracture evolution,groundwater protection and effects on water and ecological environment,the ecological resto ration should be combined with the characteristics of coal seam occurrence and mining technology in the special areas. To investigate the fractures develop and distribution of overlying strata and its relationship with surface conduction,the conduction and coupling between fractures and surface water and underground water were established. The authors also systematically studied the effects of fractures on the surface ecological degradation and development in coal mining subsidence,even the technical methods of environmental ecological restoration. The key to the environmental ecological restoration is the water resources protection and utilization in coal mine areas in the Yellow River basin. In this study, the four-dimensional comprehensive moni-toring method was used to reveal the movement of ground and surface water, and the characteristics surface eco-logical evolution. According to the degree and scope of soil and water resources damage caused by the different coal mining development,these researches could form the mechanism and key technol ogy for environmental ecological restoration, and construct the ecological security evaluation system and regulation mode. The traditional concept that coal mining only destroys the ecological environment needs to be changed. Fractures in overlying rocks have a similar action force of “soil loosed”,which can relieve the secondary salinization that is easy to form in the arid and semi-arid areas. Meanwhile,the combination of artificial remediation technology and ecological self-remediation could realize the change from passiveness to activeness. That could take the ecological environment restoration in the coal mining area as a model of the Yellow River basin,and provide a reference for other industrial applications. Overall,the paper puts forward the emphases and development mode of ecological environment restora tion,achieved the sustainable development of ecological environment restoration in the coal mining area of Yellow Riv er basin.