Key technology and engineering practice of intelligent rapid heading in coal mine

Intelligent excavation provides indispensable scientific and technological support for intelligent mine construction.Intelligent rapid-excavation technology is a requirement of safe and efficient coal production, and a fundamental way to solve the imbalance problem between mining and development.The problems of tough operating environment, complicated geological conditions, multiple construction pro-cedures and poor safety are presented in the coal mine roadway development in China.Intelligent excavation mainly faces three problems, such as the insufficient completeness, reliability and ability of stand-alone excavation equipment, the limitation of surrounding rock control technology and the lack of the efficient coordination of excavation process and the intelligent collaboration technology for excavating equipment groups.In order to solve the problem of insufficient intelligent excavation support technology, five kinds of intelligent excavation support technologies are put forward: the reliability of excavating equipment, the online perception of roadway surrounding rock state, the aging control of roadway surrounding rock, the efficient cutting with low specific energy consumption, and the comprehensive control of excavating dust.Based on the integration technology of excavation, support and transportation, the basic architecture of intelligent excavation system with four dimensions of “edge perception, platform decision, equipment execution and remote operation and maintenance” is proposed.Five key intelligent excavation technologies, including integration of excavation and exploration, automatic cutting, intelligent support, excavating navigation and remote centralized control, are analyzed and discussed.In order to expand the coverage of core technology support of intelligent excavation, according to different excavating equipment and different conditions of coal seam, four kinds of intelligent excavation modes, including the integration of excavation, support and transportation, full-section roadheader, roadheader with two bolter and continuous miner with 5 G,are proposed, which have been popularized and applied in China National Energy Group, China Coal Group, Shandong Energy Group and Shaanxi Coal Group.Finally, the development direction and suggestion of intelligent roadway excavation are put forward.It is suggested to study the new technology of underground space positioning and navigation, the dynamic monitoring of protection effect and the accurate adjustment of support process, the robot with integrated mining and bolting, the high-precision intelligent perception and digital twin of roadway face, and the platform of excavation system.