Development and utilization models for the positive environmental impacts in mines

Developing and utilizing mine environmental positive impacts is a strategy to extend the whole industrial chain of China's mining industry. To optimize energy structure in China,the proportion of coal in China’s primary energy consumption decreases with an increasing number of closed mines. Based on the theories of geology,ecology,and system theory,the concept of positive environmental impacts (PEI) in mines is put forward,and a theoretical framework on the utilization of PEI is established,being consistent with a diversified,lowcarbon,and clean energy system. First of all,according to the different attributes of PEI,four targets for developing the positive impacts are proposed,namely,resource impacts,energy impacts,impacts on science,culture,and recreation,and ecological service impacts. Adhering to the systematic thinking of “TargetSubtargetTechnologyModel”,the specific ways to achieve the targets are analyzed,the technical methods required in the engineering application of PEI are sorted out and summarized,and a theoretical model for utilizing PEI is built. Next,taking the “ecological threedimensional agriculture and animal husbandry” model in a typical production mine in western Inner Mongolia as an example,the feasibility of the positiveimpact resources and the technologies endowed in the mine is analyzed through the practical study of the PEI utilization model,and the suitability of the model is verified by engineering practice. Finally,the challenges and opportunities of the utilization of PEI are discussed. In the context of energy pattern evolution and carbon neutrality,developing PEI is closely related to resource security,urban structure transformation,and the policy guarantees in the marketization of the mine environment. 〖JP3〗To scientifically and efficiently restore,treat and exploit the PEIs and negative environmental impacts (NEIs) in the stage of “mine environment research 3.0”,the unit of the watershed,the concept of “developing PEIs while restoring NEIs”,as well as digitalization and intelligent research are mentioned for a “winwin” situation of mine environment restoration and management and development and utilization.