Transparentized solutions and interpretation for the effects of discontinuous structures and multiphysics on rock failure

Coal plays the cornerstone role of sustaining China’s economic growth and safe energy supply. In the context of achieving peak carbon emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060,it is urgent to study how to efficiently ensure the role of coal resources and achieve the green,safe,intelligent,and low-carbon development and utilization of coal resources. Underground coal production and exploitation breaks the initial stress balance of rock formations and causes the stress redistribution in the surrounding strata,inducing rock failure and engineering disasters. Rock mechanics,as a branch of continuum mechanics,has been one of the fundamental theories used to solve the problems related to green,intelligent,and safe coal mining. However,the traditional rock mechanics theory has significant difficulty in quantitatively analyzing and describing the failure physics and mechanisms of rocks which inherently involve multiscale discontinuities. Insufficient knowledge and lack of accurate descriptions and reliable models of the internal stress,strain and seepage fields in discontinuous rocks have impeded the pre judgment,early warning,and effective control of coal mining induced disasters. Thus,it is critical to develop novel theories and innovative technologies for achieving the green,intelligent,and safe coal mining and utilization. This paper presents the state of the art research of the transparentized solutions and interpretation for the effects of internal discontinuities and multi physical fields on mining induced rock failure. The authors briefly reviewed and discussed the recent progresses,prospects,and challenges in three dimensional (3D) digital reconstruction models,3D printing and materials,printed transparent models,size effects,the evolution of stress fields,deformation fields,and seepage fields,as well as the transparentized solutions for rock failure physics. The aim is to provide a research bases and reference for the development of discontinuous rock mechanics and failure analysis theories,as well as the realization of green,safe,and intelligent coal mining,the early warning and prevention of mininginduced disasters.