Principle and technology of coordinated control of eco-environment of mining areas and river sediments in Yellow River watershed

Eco-environment protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River watershed has become a national strategy. The silting-up of the Yellow River and the eco-environment damage of mining areas are two key problems in this watershed. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the two key problems, this study conducted a research on the principle and technology of coordinatedcontrolof the ecoenvironment of mining areas and river sediments. Results shows that: ① there are five coordination relationship such as supply and demand, spatial position, texture, policy and economics in the coordinatedcontrol. ② The keys tothe coordinatedcontrol are removal, transportation and utilization of the Yellow River sediments. ③ Removal and transportation of sediments should be an optimized technical process based on multiple factors and improvedwith the equipment improvement. ④ The Yellow River sediments could be used as filling material, topsoil alternatives and soil improvement materials in the ecological restoration of mining areas. ⑤ When the Yellow River sediment is used as filling materials, some key technical procedures should be followed such as striping the land for filling, draining water for the solidification of sediment by putting textiles at the end of strips, reconstructing a sandwich soil profile, and using an innovation construction method called alternating multiple filling reclamation for soil reconstruction. ⑥ Some technical methods are also presented while the Yellow River sediment is used as topsoil alternatives or soil improvement materials. This paper presents two case studies, oneis in the Qiuji Coal Mine of Shandong province and other is mine ecological reclamation in the Wuhai city of Inner Mongolia. They demonstrate that it is feasible to use the river sediment as filling material for restoring farmland and as topsoil alternatives for revegetation. In addition, this paper provides an outlook on the application of the coordinatedcontrol method.