西露天矿周边建筑物损害区位特征分析

高安琪, 王金安, 李飞, 谢江

高安琪, 王金安, 李飞, 等. 西露天矿周边建筑物损害区位特征分析[J]. 煤炭学报, 2021, 46(4): 1320-1330.
引用本文: 高安琪, 王金安, 李飞, 等. 西露天矿周边建筑物损害区位特征分析[J]. 煤炭学报, 2021, 46(4): 1320-1330.
GAO Anqi, WANG Jinan, LI Fei, et al. Locational characteristics of damage on buildings around the West Open pit Mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2021, 46(4): 1320-1330.
Citation: GAO Anqi, WANG Jinan, LI Fei, et al. Locational characteristics of damage on buildings around the West Open pit Mine[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2021, 46(4): 1320-1330.

西露天矿周边建筑物损害区位特征分析

Locational characteristics of damage on buildings around the West Open pit Mine

  • 摘要: 近百年来,辽宁抚顺西露天矿在开采过程中引发的地裂缝、地表沉陷导致周围城区建筑物开裂、倾斜甚至拆迁,严重影响到周边居民的生产与生活。通过对抚顺西露天矿周边城区36 km2内建筑物的详细调查,综合分析城区地质情况、地表监测数据和数值模拟,得到边坡影响区的地表变形规律,揭示了位于露天矿边坡不同距离、修建年代、结构形式的建筑物损害特征,并提出针对不同区位建筑物的加固建议和措施。研究表明,城区建筑物损害主要是砖混结构,损害机理按距矿坑边界距离分为北帮0~100 m内为边坡卸荷变形、北帮100~500 m内为地表沉陷、北帮500~700 m与南帮0~600 m内为地裂缝活动。卸荷变形区由于北帮边坡坡顶产生指向坑内位移,引起建筑物基础剪切破坏,上部墙体产生裂缝。地表沉陷区由于北帮“三角楔形体”向南倾倒,导致位于沉陷外缘区建筑物墙体受拉错动。地裂缝区建筑物由于地裂缝活动产生的不均匀沉降造成建筑物墙体受剪破坏。针对建筑物损害特征,提出距矿坑边界不同距离建筑物加固建议。北帮距矿坑0~100 m内建筑物重点加固基础,100~500 m内建筑物重点加固墙体及梁柱,500~700 m内建筑物重点加固墙体及阳台;南帮距矿坑0~200 m内建筑物重点加固基础,200~600 m内建筑物重点加固墙体及梁。
    Abstract: With the exploitation of Fushun West Open-pit Mine in the past 100 years,some ground fissures and surface subsidence induced by mining cause some buildings cracking,tilting and even being pulled down,which seriously affect the life of residents at surrounding areas.Through the detailed investigation of buildings over 36 km2 in the surrounding urban area of West Open-pit Mine and the comprehensive analysis of the geological conditions and surface monitoring data,and numerical simulation,the laws of surface deformation in the slope-affected area were obtained.The damage characteristics of buildings were presented regarding to the construction age,structural form and locations with respect to different distances from the mine slope.Suggestions and mitigation measures for buildings reinforcement at different locations were put forward.The study shows that the masonry structural buildings are easier to be damaged than the reinforced concrete frame structure.The damage mechanism can be regionalized as unloading deformation within 0-100 m apart from the north side of the slope,surface subsidence within 100-500 m apart from the north side of the slope,ground cracking within 500-700 m apart from the north side of the slope and 0-600 m apart from the south side of the slope.In the unloading deformation area,due to the displacement toward into the open pit of the north side,the foundation of the buildings is subjected to shear damage,and the upper wall is affected by the uneven settlement of the foundation to generate cracks.In the surface subsidence area,due to the north side “triangular wedge-shaped body” dumped to the south,the wall of the building located on the outer edge of the subsidence area tends to be dislocated.In the ground fissure area,due to the uneven settlement caused by ground fissure activity,the wall of the building is sheared and damaged.Based on the damage characteristics of the buildings,some suggestions for reinforcing the buildings at different distances apart from the boundaries of the open-pit were proposed.On the north side of the open-pit,within 0-100 m,the reinforcement should be focused on the foundations of buildings;within 100-500 m,the key reinforcement should pay attention on the walls,beams and pillars of buildings;within 500-700 m,the key reinforcement should be better to be applied to the walls and balconies of buildings.On the south side of the open-pit,within 0-200 m,the key reinforcement should be implemented on the foundations of buildings,and within 200-600 m,on the walls and beams of the buildings.
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出版历程
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-04-09
  • 发布日期:  2021-04-29

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