Abstract: In order to obtain the structure composition of aromatic hydrocarbons in coal tar pitch at molecular level,the aromatic component was analyzed using the ESI FT-ICR MS. The results showed that twelve kinds of compounds were identified in the sample,the aromatic hydrocarbons,N1 and O1 compounds had higher relative abundance. According to DBE,carbon number distribution and molecular weight,aromatic compounds were mainly polycyclic aromatic hydro-carbons with five carbon rings and six carbon rings. There were five benzene rings with C1 -C3 alkyl substitution and six benzene rings with C1 -C2 alkyl substitution in coal tar pitch. The N1 compounds were mainly quinoline basic ni-trides,and the parent nucleus structure of the N1 compounds with the highest relative abundance was triphenylquino-line. The highest concentration of the identified neutral oxides of class O1 maybe furan species contained four benzene rings,and the O2 compounds maybe a dimer of furan species.