Abstract: In order to study the direct liquefaction reaction properties of Aiding lignite catalyzed by solid acid,hydro- genation liquefaction of Aiding lignite were investigated in the micro autoclave. The effects of reaction temperature,H2 initial pressure,amount of catalyst loading and solvent content on liquefaction properties of Aiding lignite catalyzed by SO24- / Fe2 O3 solid acid were investigated. The liquefaction reaction properties and catalysis of Aiding lignite coal cata- lyzed by SO24- / Fe2 O3 solid acid were also discussed by distribution,element analyses and1 H-NMR analysis of the prod- ucts. The results show that the increase of reaction temperature,H2 initial pressure,amount of catalyst loading,and sol- vent content is beneficial to the increase of oil yield and conversion,influence of initial pressure is relatively small on lignite liquefaction reaction. The increase of reaction temperature,catalyst content,and solvent content is beneficial to the increase of phenol yield,increase of initial pressure have little impact on phenol yield. The increase of reaction temperature and catalyst content is beneficial to the increase of low-boiling phenol production yield,on the contrary, the improvement of solvent content and initial pressure are inhibit the increase of low-boiling phenol yield. More oxy- gen structure from asphaltene can be converted to oil and phenol when reaction temperature over 420 ℃ .