Abstract: The process of Chemical Synthesis of High Energy Density Fuel based on light aromatics from coal-derived oil was investigated. Using light aromatic hydrocarbon model compounds,the reaction mechanism and catalytic princi- ple of Diels-Alde chemical synthesis of high energy density fuel were studied. The results show that aromatics such as benzene,toluene,xylene and tetralin as precursors can be synthesized by Diels-Alder reaction with norbornene over Ze- olite Catalyst. High energy density fuel with a stereoscopic configuration of multiple closed ring planes was generated.The conversion rates were 85. 2% ,93. 1% ,99% and 98. 3% ,respectively,and the selectivity was 95. 2% ,93. 5% , 95. 5% and 15. 3% respectively. Thus BTX-aromatics has excellent selectivity and reactivity. MCM-22 catalyst has larger pore structure and moderate acidity,and its reactive activity is higher than that of ZSM-5,SAPO-34 and ZSM-35 catalysts. The increases of reaction time and high temperature are favorable to the synthesis of Diels-Alder reaction. The high energy density fuel produced by the chemical synthesis of light aromatic model compounds has higher density and energy density,and the density is 0. 941 8 g / cm3 and energy density is 43. 79 MJ / L,respectively,which are much higher than those of petroleum-based and coal-based jet fuels. After the catalytic reformation of coal based naphtha,the concentration of light aromatic hydrocarbons can be obtained. The content of BTX,benzene,toluene and xylene is up to 71. 05% . In addition,the enrichment of light aromatic hydrocarbons can be further improved by the advanced separa- tion and enrichment techniques such as column chromatography or extractive distillation. Therefore,using the coal- based Naphtha as a starting material,after the catalytic reformation or column chromatography separation,the enriched light aromatic hydrocarbon components can be used as the precursor of coal-based high energy density fuel based on Diels-Alder Chemical Synthesis.